A History of the Ministry of Information, 1939-46

31

VII BRITISH RESTAURANTS

New Series Regional G.2

An Inquiry made by the Wartime Social Survey for the Ministry of Food

Interviewing was carried out during the period 9th-26th June, 1942. A general sample representative of all sections of the adult civilian population was interviewed.

The purposes of the inquiry were to find out what proportion of the public use British Restaurants, how often they used them and what they thought about them. Those who did not use them were asked why they did not.

Summary

21.7% had been to British Restaurants. 4.9% went regularly. Factory workers and clerks used them more than other groups. Of those who had been, 59.6% thought they were good, 21.1% fairly good, 15.4% bad. Most frequently mentioned reason for not going was “went at home”.

32 33 34

Have you ever been to a British Restaurant? How Often ?”

%
Yes, regularly * 4.9
Yes, once or occasionally 16.8
No 78.3
Sample 2030

* “Regularly” was defined as once a week or more often.

There are no statistically significant differences as between answers received from men and women.

Breakdown by five regional groups show some differences.

Scotland North of England Midlands and Wales South, South West and East Anglia London Total
% % % % % %
Yes, regularly - 6.4 2.7 5.7 7.7 4.9
Yes, once or occasionally 11.0 11.0 17.8 21.5 22.8 16.8
No 89.0 82.6 79.5 72.8 69.5 78.3
Sample 228 593 451 457 299 2030

It will be seen that a higher proportion use British Restaurants in the south than in the north. Scotland has the lowest figure, London the highest.

There is a tendency in the Midland region to visit British restaurants occasionally rather than regularly, the north of England having a regular attendance figure about the same as London and South, but fewer people in the region than in the Midlands have visited British restaurants once or do so occasionally.

There are differences in some occupational groups:-

Heavy industries (Factories and shipyards) Light industries (Factories) Building and roads and transport Clerical Distributive Managerial and Professional Housewives Total
% % % % % % % %
Yes, regularly 5.3 9.3 9.1 11.7 2.9 1.4 2.1 4.9
Yes, once or occasionally 14.7 19.0 27.5 26.9 12.4 18.3 13.0 16.8
No 80.0 ± 7.3 71.7 ± 5.8 63.4 ± 8 61.4 ± 7.4 84.7 ± 5.4 80.3 ± 8.2 84.9 78.3
Sample 120 246 142 145 170 137 622 2030

In the case of most groups the sample figure are small, and the margin of error should be noted.

There is a tendency for clerical workers and outdoor workers to use British Restaurants relatively more than other groups. Distributive workers and housewives use them least of these groups.

Percentages for mining and agriculture are not given, as the sample figures are small. Conditions in these industries may be expected to differ considerably from those in other industries, and it would be misleading to include them with other groups.

Those who had at any time been to a British restaurants were asked “What did you think of it?”.

Result were classified as follows:-

%
Good 59.6
Fairly good 21.1
Bad 15.4
Miscellaneous 3.9
Sample 441

The headings “Fairly good” and “Bad”, further analysed, give the following results:-

% %
Fairly good 14.3 Bad food 7.2
Good in some ways, bad in others 4.5 Bad, dirty and smelly 0.9
Good for the money 2.3 Not enough value for money 4.1
Poor, unspecified 3.2
Total 21.1 Total 15.4

There are no statistically significant differences as between the attitudes of men and women.

The number having experience of British Restaurants in the various regional and occupational group are too small to give reliable result on the question.

Those who had never used a British Restaurant were asked why they have never done so.

%
Eat at home. Easier than going out. Have to be at home 45.8
Eat at works canteen 4.5
Never thought of going and don't know 11.8
Inconvenient. No time to 12.4
No British Restaurants near 15.2
“Don't fancy it” 3.0
Miscellaneous 7.3
Sample 1589

Breakdown by sex gives the following results:-

Men Women Total
% % %
Eat at home. Easier than going out. Have to be at home 42.9 ± 3.8 48.0 ± 3.3 45.8
Eat at works canteen 5.6 3.6 4.5
Never thought of going and don't know 9.3 13.6 11.8
Inconvenient. No time to 16.2 9.6 12.4
No British Restaurants near 15.3 15.2 15.2
“Don't fancy it” 3.2 2.7 3.0
Miscellaneous 7.5 7.3 7.3
Sample 680 909 1589

Women tend slightly more than men to give the reason that they eat at home or have to be at home, and a rather higher proportion had never thought of going to a British Restaurant. A reason more frequently given by men is that it would be inconvenient and they have no time to.

There are some differences between different regions:-

Scotland North of England Midlands and Wales South, South West and East Anglia London Total
% % % % % %
Eat at home. Easier than going out; Have to be at home. 44.3 40,7 ± 4.6 MS, 5 45.7 57.7 ± 6.4 45.8
Eat at works canteen 4.9 6.7 3.3 1.2 6.3 4.5
Never thought of going and don't know 12.8 13.3 10.3 8.7 14,4 11.8
Inconvenient, No time to. 7.9 16,2 15.9 9.6 6.7 12,4
No British Restaurant near 22,2 ± 5.8 12.5 15.9 20,1 6.3 15.2
“Don't fancy It" 1.5 2.4 2.2 6.3 1.9 3.0
Miscellaneous 6,4 .8.2 5.9 8,4 6.7 7.3
SAMFLE 203 489 359 333 208 1589

London has a relatively high proportion giving the reason that they eat at home, and a low proportion saying that there is no British Restaurant in the neighbourhood.

Scotland and the Southern region have rather a high proportion answering that there is no British Restaurant near.

Inconvenience and lack of time is mentioned rather more in the Midlands and the North than in other regions.

However, these differences are slight when the smallness of the numbers and consequent margin of error is taken into account.

Breakdown by occupational groups shows little, as the number in each group is small. However, percentages may be given for housewives and. for all factory (including shipyard) workers.

Housewives Factory workers Total
% % %
Eat at home. Easier than going out. Have to be at home. Eat at works canteen 51.7 41.5 45.8
0.2 11,2 4.5
Never thought of going and don't know 14.2 13.7 11.8
Inconvenient. No time to, 7.4 14.8 12.4
No British Restaurant near 15.9 11.5 15.2
“Don't fancy it" 2.1 3.5 3.0
Miscellaneous 8.5 3.8 7.3
SAMPLE 528 366 1589

Informants were asked “How long does it take you to get to the nearest British Restaurant?". Housewives were asked to give the time taken getting there from home, and workers from their place of work.

It must be remembered that the time it took the interviewee to get to a British Restaurant was a subjective estimate, and as will be seen from the figures given, many of the people giving such an estimate had not themselves been to a British Restaurant.

%
5 minutes or less 17.1
More than 5 mins. To ¼ hr. 25.8
More than ¼ hr. to ½ hr. 11.0
More than ½ hour 11.2
Don't know 34.9
SAMPLE 2030

If percentages are based on the number quoting a definite time, the following result is obtained:-

%
5 minutes or less 26.3
More than 5 mins. To ¼ hr. 39.7
More than ¼ hr. to ½ hr. 16.8
More than ½ hour 17.2
Sample 1324

The sample thus obtained, however, is not strictly representative of the population as different proportion different groups answered “Don't know”.

These were as fallow:-

% answering “Don't know”
Housewives 40.7
Light industries 34.6
Heavy industries 34.7
Clerical 18.6
Distributive 28.8
Managerial and Professional 26.3
Other workers 33.6
Retired and unoccupied 46.7

The number giving information in individual occupational groups are too small to give reliable result, but housewives and factory workers may again be compared:-

Housewives Factory workers Total
% of those answering
5 minutes or less 18.1 31.9 26.3
More than 5 mins. To ¼ hr. 40.0 41.2 39.7
More than ¼ hr. to ½ hr. 20.8 16.7 16.8
More than ½ hour 21.1 6.2 17.2
Sample 370 339 1324

It should seem that it is on the whole easier for factory workers to reach British Restaurants from their work than housewives from their home.

SAMPLE
Adult Civilian population
Total 2050

Region % Type of District %
Scotland 11.2 Urban 89.9
North of England 29.2 Rural 10.1
Midlands and Wales 22.3
South, South west and East Anglia 22.6
London 14.7
Sex % Age %
Men 43.5 Under 20 9.4
Women 56.5 20 - 30 18.8
31 – 45 33.2
46 - 65 27.0
Over 65 11.6
Occupation Group
%
Housewives 30.7
Agriculture 2.8
Mining 3.0
Heavy manufacturing industries 7.4
Light industries 16.9
Building and road work 3.0
Transport and public services 4.0
Clerical 7.1
Distributive 8.4
Miscellaneous services 3.9
Professional 3.8
Managerial 2.9
Retired and unoccupied 6.1

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